Week+11

** 17th November 2011 **
 * Week 11 **

** PAVING THE WAY **


 * 1. **
 * What is a hybrid vehicle and how does it function? What are the positive aspects of owning one? Negative aspects? **

** 2. ** ** What problems do we currently face due to our society’s dependence on oil? Are there benefits behind our current system? **

** 3. ** ** Why wouldn’t every car manufacturer want to use lightweight materials right now? ** ** What are some of the risks with being the first company to use a new technology? ** ** What are some of the benefits of being the first? **

** WEEK 9 ** ** GLOSSARY OF TERMS **

 **1.** **Resiliency** “The capacity of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing so as to still retain essentially the same function, structure, identity and feedbacks.”

In other words, it is the capacity of an ecosystem to respond to a disturbance by resisting damage and recovering quickly. These disturbances include fires, flooding, windstorms, insect population explosions, and human activities such as deforestation and the introduction of exotic plant or animal species.

**2. Mixed Use** This is the use of a building, set of buildings, or neighbourhood for more than one purpose. Often this can mean some combination of residential, commercial, industrial, office, institutional, or other land uses.

When jobs, housing, and commercial activities are located close together, a community’s transportation options increase. In addition, mixed use developments often have higher property values. It is also known to improve diversity of communities as well as business within the area.

**3. “Eyes on the street”** <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">This is a term coined by Jane Jacobs. <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It refers to natural surveillance and is used in Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design. Research shows that the decision to offend or not to offend is more influenced by cues to the perceived risk of being caught than by cues to reward or ease of entry.

<span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Natural surveillance occurs by designing the placement of physical features, activities and people in such a way as to maximize visibility and foster positive social interaction. <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Jane Jacobs encourages inclusions in city design such as doors that look out on to streets and parking areas, see-through barriers (glass brick wall, picket fences), pedestrian- friendly sidewalks and streets, and front porches, etc.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**4. Third Place** <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">This is a term used in the concept of community building to refer to social surrounding separate from the two usual social environments of home and the workplace. The third place is important for civil society, democracy, civic engagement, and establishing feelings of a sense of place. <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">The first place is often the home and the second is the work place. <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Third places then are anchors of community life and facilitate and foster broader, more creative interaction.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**5. Biophilia** <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It is an emotional response that can be an end in itself (feeling a sense of pleasure and well being) or it can stimulate emotions that motivate behaviours (interest motivates exploration).

<span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It is innate, and therefore part of our genetic heritage and evolved human nature. <span style="color: #009afa; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It involves the use of local, natural materials, and provides contact with nature throughout and between buildings.